目录

第一种分页  PageNumberPagination

基本使用

（1）urls.py

urlpatterns = [    re_path('(?P
     
      [v1|v2]+)/page1/', Pager1View.as_view(),)    #分页1]
     

（2）api/utils/serializers/pager.py

# api/utils/serializsers/pager.pyfrom rest_framework import serializersfrom api import modelsclass PagerSerialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer):    class Meta:        model = models.Role        fields = "__all__"

（3）views.py

from api.utils.serializsers.pager import PagerSerialiserfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPaginationclass Pager1View(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        #获取所有数据        roles = models.Role.objects.all()        #创建分页对象        pg = PageNumberPagination()        #获取分页的数据        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)        #对数据进行序列化        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)        return Response(ser.data)

（4）settings配置

REST_FRAMEWORK = {    #分页    "PAGE_SIZE":2   #每页显示多少个}

自定义分页类

#自定义分页类class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination):    #每页显示多少个    page_size = 3    #默认每页显示3个，可以通过传入pager1/?page=2&size=4,改变默认每页显示的个数    page_size_query_param = "size"    #最大页数不超过10    max_page_size = 10    #获取页码数的    page_query_param = "page"class Pager1View(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        #获取所有数据        roles = models.Role.objects.all()        #创建分页对象，这里是自定义的MyPageNumberPagination        pg = MyPageNumberPagination()        #获取分页的数据        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)        #对数据进行序列化        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)        return Response(ser.data)

 

第二种分页   LimitOffsetPagination

 自定义

#自定义分页类2class MyLimitOffsetPagination(LimitOffsetPagination):    #默认显示的个数    default_limit = 2    #当前的位置    offset_query_param = "offset"    #通过limit改变默认显示的个数    limit_query_param = "limit"    #一页最多显示的个数    max_limit = 10class Pager1View(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        #获取所有数据        roles = models.Role.objects.all()        #创建分页对象        pg = MyLimitOffsetPagination()        #获取分页的数据        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)        #对数据进行序列化        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)        return Response(ser.data)

 

 返回的时候可以用get_paginated_response方法

自带上一页下一页

 

第三种分页 CursorPagination

 加密分页方式，只能通过点“上一页”和下一页访问数据

 

#自定义分页类3 (加密分页)class MyCursorPagination(CursorPagination):    cursor_query_param = "cursor"    page_size = 2     #每页显示2个数据    ordering = 'id'   #排序    page_size_query_param = None    max_page_size = Noneclass Pager1View(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        #获取所有数据        roles = models.Role.objects.all()        #创建分页对象        pg = MyCursorPagination()        #获取分页的数据        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)        #对数据进行序列化        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)        # return Response(ser.data)        return pg.get_paginated_response(ser.data)

 

代码

版本、解析器、序列化和分页

# MyProject2/urls.pyfrom django.contrib import adminfrom django.urls import path,includeurlpatterns = [    #path('admin/', admin.site.urls),    path('api/',include('api.urls') ),]

# api/urls.pyfrom django.urls import path,re_pathfrom .views import UserView,PaserView,RolesView,UserInfoView,GroupView,UserGroupViewfrom .views import Pager1Viewurlpatterns = [    re_path('(?P
      
       [v1|v2]+)/users/', UserView.as_view(),name = 'api_user'),  #版本    path('paser/', PaserView.as_view(),),   #解析    re_path('(?P
       
        [v1|v2]+)/roles/', RolesView.as_view()),     #序列化    re_path('(?P
        
         [v1|v2]+)/info/', UserInfoView.as_view()),   #序列化    re_path('(?P
         
          [v1|v2]+)/group/(?P
          
           \d+)/', GroupView.as_view(),name = 'gp'),    #序列化生成url    re_path('(?P
           
            [v1|v2]+)/usergroup/', UserGroupView.as_view(),), #序列化做验证 re_path('(?P
            
             [v1|v2]+)/pager1/', Pager1View.as_view(),) #分页1]
            
           
          
         
        
       
      

# api/models.pyfrom django.db import modelsclass UserInfo(models.Model):    USER_TYPE = (        (1,'普通用户'),        (2,'VIP'),        (3,'SVIP')    )    user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE)    username = models.CharField(max_length=32,unique=True)    password = models.CharField(max_length=64)    group = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup',on_delete=models.CASCADE)    roles = models.ManyToManyField('Role')class UserToken(models.Model):    user = models.OneToOneField('UserInfo',on_delete=models.CASCADE)    token = models.CharField(max_length=64)class UserGroup(models.Model):    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)class Role(models.Model):    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

# api/views.pyimport jsonfrom django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponsefrom rest_framework.views import APIViewfrom rest_framework.request import Requestfrom rest_framework.versioning import URLPathVersioningfrom . import models##########################################版本和解析器#####################################################class UserView(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        #获取版本        print(request.version)        #获取处理版本的对象        print(request.versioning_scheme)        #获取浏览器访问的url，reverse反向解析        #需要两个参数：viewname就是url中的别名，request=request是url中要传入的参数        #(?P
      
       [v1|v2]+)/users/，这里本来需要传version的参数，但是version包含在request里面，所有只需要request=request就可以        url_path = request.versioning_scheme.reverse(viewname='api_user',request=request)        print(url_path)        self.dispatch        return HttpResponse('用户列表')# from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser,FormParserclass PaserView(APIView):    '''解析'''    # parser_classes = [JSONParser,FormParser,]    #JSONParser：表示只能解析content-type:application/json的头    #FormParser:表示只能解析content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded的头    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        #获取解析后的结果        print(request.data)        return HttpResponse('paser')###########################################序列化###########################################################from rest_framework import serializers#要先写一个序列化的类class RolesSerializer(serializers.Serializer):    #Role表里面的字段id和title序列化    id = serializers.IntegerField()    title = serializers.CharField()class RolesView(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        # 方式一：对于[obj,obj,obj]        # （Queryset）        # roles = models.Role.objects.all()        # 序列化，两个参数，instance:Queryset  如果有多个值，就需要加 mangy=True        # ser = RolesSerializer(instance=roles,many=True)        # 转成json格式，ensure_ascii=False表示显示中文，默认为True        # ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False)        # 方式二：        role = models.Role.objects.all().first()        ser = RolesSerializer(instance=role, many=False)        ret = json.dumps(ser.data, ensure_ascii=False)        return HttpResponse(ret)# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.Serializer):#     '''序列化用户的信息'''#     #user_type是choices（1,2,3），显示全称的方法用source#     type = serializers.CharField(source="get_user_type_display")#     username = serializers.CharField()#     password = serializers.CharField()#     #group.title：组的名字#     group = serializers.CharField(source="group.title")#     #SerializerMethodField(),表示自定义显示#     #然后写一个自定义的方法#     rls = serializers.SerializerMethodField()##     def get_rls(self,row):#         #获取用户所有的角色#         role_obj_list = row.roles.all()#         ret = []#         #获取角色的id和名字#         #以字典的键值对方式显示#         for item in role_obj_list:#             ret.append({"id":item.id,"title":item.title})#         return ret# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):#     type = serializers.CharField(source="get_user_type_display")#     group = serializers.CharField(source="group.title")#     rls = serializers.SerializerMethodField()##     def get_rls(self, row):#         # 获取用户所有的角色#         role_obj_list = row.roles.all()#         ret = []#         # 获取角色的id和名字#         # 以字典的键值对方式显示#         for item in role_obj_list:#             ret.append({"id": item.id, "title": item.title})#         return ret##     class Meta:#         model = models.UserInfo#         fields = ['id','username','password','type','group','rls']# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):#     class Meta:#         model = models.UserInfo#         #fields = "__all__"#         fields = ['id','username','password','group','roles']#         #表示连表的深度#         depth = 1class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):    group = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='gp',lookup_field='group_id',lookup_url_kwarg='pk')    class Meta:        model = models.UserInfo        #fields = "__all__"        fields = ['id','username','password','group','roles']        #表示连表的深度        depth = 0class UserInfoView(APIView):    '''用户的信息'''    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        users = models.UserInfo.objects.all()        #这里必须要传参数context={'request':request}        ser = UserInfoSerializer(instance=users,many=True,context={
    'request':request})        ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False)        return HttpResponse(ret)class GroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):    class Meta:        model = models.UserGroup        fields = "__all__"class GroupView(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        pk = kwargs.get('pk')        obj = models.UserGroup.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()        ser = GroupSerializer(instance=obj,many=False)        ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False)        return HttpResponse(ret)####################################序列化之用户请求数据验证验证#####################################自定义验证规则class GroupValidation(object):    def __init__(self,base):        self.base = base    def __call__(self, value):        if not value.startswith(self.base):            message = "标题必须以%s为开头"%self.base            raise serializers.ValidationError(message)class UserGroupSerializer(serializers.Serializer):    title = serializers.CharField(validators=[GroupValidation('以我开头'),])class UserGroupView(APIView):    def post(self,request,*args, **kwargs):        ser = UserGroupSerializer(data=request.data)        if ser.is_valid():            print(ser.validated_data['title'])        else:            print(ser.errors)        return HttpResponse("用户提交数据验证")##################################################分页###################################################from api.utils.serializsers.pager import PagerSerialiserfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination,LimitOffsetPagination,CursorPagination# #自定义分页类1# class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination):#     #每页显示多少个#     page_size = 3#     #默认每页显示3个，可以通过传入pager1/?page=2&size=4,改变默认每页显示的个数#     page_size_query_param = "size"#     #最大页数不超过10#     max_page_size = 10#     #获取页码数的#     page_query_param = "page"#自定义分页类2class MyLimitOffsetPagination(LimitOffsetPagination):    #默认显示的个数    default_limit = 2    #当前的位置    offset_query_param = "offset"    #通过limit改变默认显示的个数    limit_query_param = "limit"    #一页最多显示的个数    max_limit = 10#自定义分页类3 (加密分页)class MyCursorPagination(CursorPagination):    cursor_query_param = "cursor"    page_size = 2     #每页显示2个数据    ordering = 'id'   #排序    page_size_query_param = None    max_page_size = Noneclass Pager1View(APIView):    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):        #获取所有数据        roles = models.Role.objects.all()        #创建分页对象        pg = MyCursorPagination()        #获取分页的数据        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)        #对数据进行序列化        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)        return Response(ser.data)        # return pg.get_paginated_response(ser.data)
      

# api/utils/serializsers/pager.pyfrom rest_framework import serializersfrom api import modelsclass PagerSerialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer):    class Meta:        model = models.Role        fields = "__all__"